The 72 Melakarta Ragas comprise 36 Shuddha Madhyama (F) Ragas & 36 Prati Madhyama (F#) Ragas, the latter differing from the former only by substituting Prati Madhyama for the Shuddha Madhyama of the former. Examples are Dheera Shankarabharana (Bilawal in Hindustani) & Mecha Kalyani (Yaman in Hindustani) differing only in the fourth.
Further these 72 are divided into twelve chakras, namely Indu, Netra, Agni, Veda, Bana, Rutu, Rishi, Vasu, Brahma, Disi, Rudra & Aditya. The 12 chakras each contain different combinations of the second & third notes in the purvanga (first half) & the sixth & seven notes in the uttaranga (second half) of the raga, the natural fourth being common to the first 36 & the sharpened fourth for the second 36, the first & fifth being common to all.
The vainika has arranged the ragas on each LP so that they belong to different chakras to provide variety but share the same Madhyama so that ragas having different Madhyamas do not appear on the same LP. Also some ragas are presented mainly in Alapana & some in Tanam, to make them listener-friendly.
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